English
321: 01 "American Masterpieces"
Frontier Literature of the
West and Vietnam
Fall, 2003, MC 553, MWF 1:10 - 2 p.m.
Grant T. Smith, Ph. D.
MC 536
Phone: 796-3485
E-mail: gtsmith@viterbo.edu
Office Hours: MW 4 - 5 p.m., Thursday 9 - 12 a.m.
Course Description:
In this course we will explore
the following themes as the appear in American Westerns and American
Vietnam literature: (1) the definition of "frontier" and the role the frontier
plays in shaping an American identity in literature, and how this identity
extends to the Vietnam War and other global conflicts; (2) the distinction
between the West as a place or landscape and the West as a symbol; (3) the
mythic western hero and the roles he and she play in the formation of American
values, and how those American values are re-configured in frontier literature; (4) the
defining and re-defining of "masculinity" and "femininity" as those cultural
terms are used in the movement west; (5) the different voices (discourse)
in American Westerns and Vietnam literature; (6) the evolution of Western
myths and the significance of those cultural myths today.
Policies:
-
Click here
for the university definitions of an excused and unexcused absence
-
Click here
for the university policy on sexual harassment
-
Click here for
the university policy on plagiarism
If you are a person with a disability and require any auxiliary
aids, services or other accommodations for this class, please see Wayne
Wojciechowski in Murphy Center room 320 (796-3085) within ten days to discuss
your accommodation needs. If there other accommodations that need
to be made for you to succeed in the class, please indicate those needs
to the instructor. Click here
for a link to the Learning Center.
Required Texts:
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The Jump-Off Creek by Molly Gloss
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The Quiet American by Graham Greene
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The Ox-bow Incident by Walter Van-Tilburg Clark
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Shane by Jack Schaefer
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Gabriel's Story by David Anthony Durham
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Fools Crow by James Welch
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Refuge by Terry Tempest Williams
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When I Was A Young Man by Bob Kerrey
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Stories from Close Range by Annie Proulx
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Shrapnel in the Heart: Letters and Remembrances from the Vietnam Veterans
Memorial by Laura Palmer
Click here
for a bibliography of supplemental texts on reserve in the library
Click here for a
comprehensive website on Western literature, history, and art
Objectives (Learner Outcomes)
The students will become familiar with the history of the literary conventions
and themes of American Westerns and Vietnam literature. The students will
connect the themes identified in Frontier Literature with the history of the American West
and the history of the movement west, their personal
experiences, and the experiences of others within their culture. The
students will demonstrate in writing and class discussions and individual
presentations Core Abilities 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
Requirements and Assessment:
All of the criteria must be met to satisfy the requirement
"A" – Zero to three absences
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Read all of the required texts and participate in class discussions.
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Three journal responses each week (five typed pages minimum each week).
Click here
for appropriate journal entry topics (option one) or
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Write three formal three to five page
essays on three of the assigned readings (option two). Click here
for suggestions on how to write an appropriate essay on a piece of literature.
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Read one additional Western novel or Vietnam novel and write a typed
two-page response (review) to it. Click
here for a suggested outline
for the book review. Click here for a detailed description of the process
for writing a college book review from the
University of Indiana.
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Read two additional critical essays and write two-page responses
to them (option one) or
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Watch two Western or Vietnam films (or one of each genre) and write two-page journal
responses to them (option two) Click here for some suggestions on
how to write a
movie review.
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Write a one-page review of a web site on Western literature (or the Western
experience) or Vietnam literature (or the Vietnam experience). This
St. Thomas
site may help you understand how to evaluate a web site.
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Complete a superior project (see handout on class projects) and present
the conclusions to the project to the class during final exam period
"B" – Three to five absences
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Read all of the required texts and participate in class discussions.
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Option One:
Three journal responses each week (three typed pages minimum each week) or
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Option Two: Two journal responses should be developed into two formal three-to-five page
essays.
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Read one additional critical essay and write a two-page response to it
(option one),
or
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Watch one Western film and write a two-page response to it (option
two).
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Complete an excellent project (see handout on class projects).
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Write a one-page review of a web site on Western literature (or the Western
experience) or Vietnam literature (or the Vietnam experience).
"C" – Six to eight absences
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Read all of the required texts.
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Three journal responses each week (three typed pages minimum each week).
-
One journal response should be developed into a formal three to five page
essay.
-
Watch one Western film and write a typed two-page response to
it.
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Complete a good project (see handout on class projects)
"D" – Six to eight absences
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Read all of the required texts.
-
Three journal responses each week (three typed pages minimum each week).
-
One journal response should be developed into a formal three to five page
essay.
Class Projects
Class Schedule:
Week One: August 26
Introduction to the American Western and Vietnam War Literature
Movie clip from "City Slickers"
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Begin reading Shane by Jack Schaefer
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Selection from Journals of Lewis and Clark "North Dakota journals
from the spring of 1805" on reserve in the library
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"Reading the West: Cultural and Historical Background" pp. 1-51 in Reading
the West: An Anthology of Dime Westerns on reserve in the library
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"Introduction" from The Literary West on reserve in the library
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"American Frontier" from Oxford History of the American West on
reserve in the library
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Click here
for the hypertext of the Journals of Lewis and Clark
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Click here
for a web site on the history of the Vietnam War
Week Two: September 1 (Labor Day)
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Continue Introduction to Western Literature
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Click here
for John Gast's painting, American Progress
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Click here
for a good web site of Western Art with many links to various artists
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Journal entries are due for weeks one and two
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"Reading the West: Cultural and Historical Background" from Reading
the West pp. 1-51
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"The Virginian (1902) and the Myth of the Vigilante" from Gunfighter
Nation on reserve in the library
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"The Virginian: Wister’s Mother" from West of Everything
on reserve in the library
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"Violence" from Oxford History of the American West on reserve in
the library
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Click here for a web site on
Violence in America
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Click here for an essay on the
"Value of Wilderness."
Week Three: September 8
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Shane by Jack Schaefer
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Read and Discuss "Brokeback Mountain." Click
here for discussion questions.
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Click here
for discussion questions on Shane
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"Into the Sunset: The American Myth of
Redemptive Violence"
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Click here for a good web site on
Cowboy poetry and songs
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Begin reading The Quiet American by Graham Greene
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Click here
for a web site for Frederic Remington
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Click here
for an excellent web site on Remington and Charles Russell
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"A Good Man with a Gun: Shane" (1953) from Gunfighter Nation
on reserve in the library
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"Women and the Language of Men" from West of Everything on reserve
in the library
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Film "Shane" on reserve in the library
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"My Neighbor’s Field" from Land of Little Rain by Mary Austin on
reserve in the library
Week Four: September 15
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The Quiet American by Graham Greene
- Click
here for a Graham
Greene home page (with short biography)
- Click
here for discussion questions for The Quiet American
- Click here for notes
on The Quiet American
- Click here for a
pop quiz on Viet Nam
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Begin reading The Jump-Off Creek by Molly Gloss
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Journal responses are due for weeks three and four
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"Neighbour Rosicky" by Willa Cather on reserve in the library
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"The Female Frontier: Definitions, Interpretations, and Images" from
The Female Frontier on reserve in the library.
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"Women as Workers, Women as Civilizers: True Womanhood in the American
West" from The Women’s West on reserve in the library pp. 145-164.
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"Homesteading in Northeastern Colorado, 1873-1920; Sex Roles and Women’s
Experience" from The Women’s West on reserve in the library.
Week Five: September 22
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The Jump-Off Creek by Molly Gloss
- Click
here for discussion questions on The Jump-Off Creek
- Click here for
class notes on The Jump-Off Creek
- Read and discuss "A Lonely Coast" from Close Range
- Click here for discussion
questions of "A Lonely Coast"
- Click here for a comprehensive web site of
women in the
West
- First formal essay is due
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My Antonia by Willa Cather
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Click here
for discussion questions for My Antonia
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Click
here
for the Madonna of the Prairie painting
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Click here for images of
rural women
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Click here for more paintings of
Women in the West
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Begin reading The Ox-bow Incident by Walter Van Tilburg Clark
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"The Archetypal Ethic of The Ox-Bow Incident" from The Literature
of the American West on reserve in the library
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Film "The Ox-bow Incident" on reserve in the library
Week Six: September 29
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The Ox-bow Incident by Walter Van Tilburg Clark
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Click here for discussion questions on The Ox-bow Incident
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Click here
for a discussion outline on mob mentality
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Click here
for a learning guide to the movie The Ox-bow Incident
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Journal entries are due for weeks five and six
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First movie review or criticism review is due
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Begin reading When I Was a Young Man by Bob Kerrey
Week Seven: October 6
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When I Was a Young Man by Bob Kerrey
- Click
here for a review of When I Was a Young Man
- Read The New York Times piece on Bob Kerrey's
"One Awful Night in Thanh Phong" Click here for
discussion questions on When I Was a Young Man
- Click here for
"Dulce et Decorum est Pro Patria Mori"
- Read and discuss "The Mud Below." Click
here for discussion questions.
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Begin reading Gabriel's Story by David Anthony Durham
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Born on the Fourth of July by Ron Kovic
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Click here
for discussion questions on Born on the Fourth of July
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Click here
for a web site on Born on the Fourth of July
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Click here
for the PBS web site on the Vietnam War
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Click here
for a comprehensive web site on the Vietnam War
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Click here
for a long list of web sites on the Vietnam War Period
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Click here for a comprehensive web site on the
My Lai massacre
Week Eight: October 13 (mid-semester break, October 17)
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Gabriel's Story by David Anthony Durham
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Click here for an outline on Naturalism
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Click here for discussion questions for
Gabriel's Story
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Journal entries are due for weeks seven and eight
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Second formal essay is due
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Read If I Die in a Combat Zone from The Vietnam Reader pp.
41-46.
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Click here
for Tim O'Brien's home page
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Read "A Bummer" from The Vietnam Reader p. 83.
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Read "A Rumor of War" from the Vietnam Reader pp.
150-199
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Click here for a list of helpful web sites on the My Lai Massacre
Week Nine: October 20
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Read A Piece of My Heart from The Vietnam Reader pp. 338-350
and from Dear America: Letters Home from Vietnam in The Vietnam Reader
pp. 351-364.
Week Ten: October 27
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Fools Crow by James Welch
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Click here
for Fools Crow discussion questions
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Journal entries for weeks nine and ten are due
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Click here
for a web site on the Plains Indians (from the Buffalo Bill Museum in Cody
Wyoming)
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Click here
for a Lakota Sioux web site
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Click here
for a George Catlin's painting "Pigeon Egg Head"
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Click here
for a comprehensive list of Native American web sites (courtesy of Dr. Mike
Smuksta, History)
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"Dances with Wolves"
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"Introduction: How the West Was Lost" from Our Hearts Fell to the Ground
on reserve in the library
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"The Old Life" from The Last Days of the Sioux Nation on reserve
in the library
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Click here
for the Early Days of the Sioux
Week Eleven: November 3
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Fools Crow
- Read Chapter Twelve of On the Rez by Ian Frazier
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Click here
for an outline on individual identity
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Click here
for a web site on Native American religions. Click here for terms
associated with the Vision Quest
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Click here
for a "real life" Fools Crow. Click here for a web site on the
Marias River Massacre.
Click here for
more
notes on the massacre.
-
Click here for
On the Rez Click here
for discussion questions on SueAnne BigCrow
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Click here
for the PBS web site on George Armstrong Custer
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Click here
for another "ground zero" web site on Custer
Week Twelve: November 10
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Read The Things They Carried from The Vietnam Reader pp.
505-537 and 593-611
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Read the poems in Carrying the Darkness in The Vietnam Reader
pp. 573-592
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Read "Evidence" from In the Lake of the Woods in The
Vietnam Reader pp. 662-671
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Click here
for a web site on "myths" of the Vietnam War
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Journal Entries for Weeks Eleven and Twelve are due
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Second film review or criticism review is due
Week Thirteen: November 17
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Refuge by Terry Tempest Williams
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Click here
for discussion questions on Refuge
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Click here
for an interview "The Politics of Place" with Terry Tempest Williams
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Click here
for a Web Page on Terry Tempest Williams as an environmentalist
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Click here for
the official Web Page of the Mormon Church
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Click here for the official
"missionary" Web Page for the Mormon Church
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Click here
for a definition of ecofeminism by Rosemary Radford Reuther
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Click here
for a research and reference guide to "nature, ecocriticism, and ecofeminism
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"Religion and Spirituality" from Oxford History of the American West
on reserve in the library
Week Fourteen: November 24 (Thanksgiving November 27)
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Refuge by Terry Tempest Williams
- Third essay is due
- Final journal entries are due
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From Dear America: Letters Home from Vietnam in The Vietnam
Reader p. 351
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"The Wall" in The Vietnam Reader pp. 675-691
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Begin reading Shrapnel in the Heart by Laura Palmer
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Click here
for Laura Palmer's home page
Week Fifteen: December 1
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Shrapnel in the Heart by Laura Palmer
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Click here for a Veterans' web site for
women in the military
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Presentation of class projects
-
Click here
for some suggestions for a successful presentation
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Book Report is due
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Web Site Review is due
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Click here
for a web site on the Vietnam Veterans Memorial
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Film "The Wild Bunch"
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"The Demoralization of the Western: Peckinpah’s The Wild Bunch (1969)"
from Gunfighter Nation on reserve in the library
Week Sixteen: December 8 (Final Exam Week)Final Exam--presentation of class projects
Class Projects
English 321 -- American Masterpieces, The Western
Grant T. Smith, Ph. D.
Here are some suggestions
for types of term projects. In selecting a topic, foremost in your
consideration should be how interested you are in the topic and how much
you will be able to learn from the research. Will you be able to use this
project later in your academic career, or will it go into the round file
at the end of the semester. The format is open; guidelines are few. The
point of view may be personal or formal. If you use outside sources in
your research I expect you to document those sources using the MLA style
of documentation. If you plagiarize, you fail the assignment and possibly
the course. A traditional term paper should be between eight and twelve
pages, with one or two pages of documentation. I will ask to see a one-page
prospectus of your project a month before finals week. You should also
consider scheduling a conference with me to discuss your project. I will
review the prospectus and offer constructive criticism of your topic and
projected thesis.
If you are an English major, or if you enjoy doing interpretive
or comparative studies, you may want to consider one of the following:
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A close reading (explication) of a western novel we do not read in class.
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A discussion of western poetry (or one poet).
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Explore the "house" metaphor in Native American literature. Does it appear
frequently? In what ways? Is the land a substitute or alternative home
for Native Americans? Perhaps you can make something of the lack of "permanence"
in some Native Americans' dwellings (the Sioux). Thoreau says some interesting
things about wigwams in Walden, and Emerson talks about similar ideas in
"Nature." And even today many people like the idea of having "mobile homes."
If you enjoy history or religion studies you may want to investigate
one of the following:
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An overview of the Mormon emigration to the Wasatch Front.
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A discussion of any major Western historical figure.
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The politics of the West
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Reform movements, e.g. women's suffrage movement
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A study of the Roman Catholic influence on the settling of the West.
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A discussion of any of the Native American "religions."
-
Click here
for a web site on Native American religions.
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"Americanization" of the Native Americans
Gender issues are always fun. If you are interested in feminist
readings of literature, consider what Annette Kolodny (The Land Before
Her and The Lay of the Land) and others have to say about western
women writers. Do you agree or disagree with Kolodny's thesis? Or defend
how Nina Baym's thesis in "Melodramas of Beset Manhood" plays out in Western
literature.
You may also want to look in more depth at some of the women writers
of the West.
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Mary Austin
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Leslie Marmon Silko
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Elinore Pruitt Stewart
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Willa Cather
If you are an education major feel free to develop a lesson plan
(covering a couple of weeks of study) on western themes: geography, environment,
literature, history. Click here
for an excellent web site with a sample unit plan on images of the West.
Click here
for a web site with a sample unit plan on myths of the West.
If you are an environmental studies minor (or a biology major)
you could review the impact of population growth (including mining and
forestry) on the national parks, the Missouri River (or any of the river
systems), or the ecosystem in general. You could also explore any of the
following:
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The role of the buffalo on Western cultures
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Farming practices in the West
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Establishment on National Parks
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Endangered Species
If you are a music or dance major please consider a performance
project. What was the music of the West? The dance of the West? What
debt do we owe to Western performing artists? You may perform your research
during finals week; however, you should also turn in a short paper discussing
your research, methods, sources, and conclusions. Click here
for a web site on music from the Lewis and Clark Expedition
If you are an art major you may do either a research paper on
Western art or you may do a creative piece and present that piece to the
class with a discussion (and short written paper) of how the West influenced
your work. I would be interested to learn how women are portrayed in Western
American art, or how Native Americans are presented by certain Western
artists. Click here
for a list of Albert Bierstadt's work
And many other general topics:
Buffalo Bill and the Wild West Show
Frederick Jackson Turner and the frontier thesis
Native American peoples, literature, and histories
Spanish explorations
The Indian Wars
Gunfighters
Films
Dime novels
Western agriculture
Mining
The Lewis and Clark expedition
The Great Plains
Theodore Roosevelt
Helpful "Western" Websites
The American West: A Celebration
of the Human Spirit
People
in the West
New
Perspectives on the West http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/wpages/wpgs000/w010_001.htm
American Indian Studies
http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/
West Web
http://scholar.library.csi.cuny.edu/westweb/
http://www.pbs.org/lewisandclark/index.html